Table 1. General characteristics of the study site.

Treatment Latitude (N) Longitude (E) Aspect Elevation (m a.s.l.) Density (culm ha−1) DBH (cm) Basal area (m2 ha−1)
Plantation 1 35°12′24″ 128°10′14″ E 110 12,000 4.58
Plantation 2 35°12′22″ 128°10′16″ NW 120 11,400 5.10
Expansion 1 35°12′23″ 128°10′15″ NE 110

bamboo: 6,600

living tree: 500

dead tree: 600

bamboo: 5.69

living tree: 20.7

dead tree: 15.3

living tree: 22.6

dead tree: 11.4

Expansion 2 35°12′23″ 128°10′15″ NE 120

bamboo: 6,440

living tree: 800

dead tree: 200

bamboo: 5.67

living tree: 17.6

dead tree: 9.8

living tree: 22.8

dead tree: 1.7