Table 5. Soil hardness depending on deterioration class and site of transect.
(unit: kg/㎠)

Class		Heavy***	Moderate***	Light***	Non-deterioration*	Average***
Site of transect
Forest site(Left)		2.2±1.7	1.9±0.8	1.9±0.9	2.6±1.8	2.1±1.2e
Buffer zone(Left)		4.3±2.9	4.1±2.4	3.0±1.0	6.7±5.5	4.1±2.7e
Bare trail
	Left5	17.1±8.6	12.7±8.0	13.1±11.0	21.9±14.8	15.3±9.6bcd
	Left4	14.4±7.7	14.0±10.4	11.3±9.6	21.9±13.0	14.2±9.4cd
	Left3	22.3±11.6	18.3±11.1	18.2±14.1	27.8±17.3	20.6±12.4ab
	Left2	24.9±15.4	21.8±14.8	20.0±15.3	34.7±23.3	23.6±15.6a
	Left1	24.5±10.7	20.2±13.2	26.9±14.6	37.5±22.5	25.0±13.6a
	Right1*	22.9±15.22	18.3±14.92	20.6±10.42	50.5±34.11	23.3±17.5a
	Right2**	24.4±14.22	14.1±8.12	11.7±5.22	40.6±18.01	19.7±13.7abc
	Right3	19.4±10.1	17.2±11.5	17.4±12.4	39.0±21.6	19.9±13.0abc
	Right4	15.1±9.1	10.4±5.7	10.4±9.1	23.1±15.6	13.3±9.3d
	Right5*	16.2±9.412	9.6±5.32	7.4±3.52	23.5±24.11	12.8±10.0d
Buffer zone(Right)		3.1±1.4	3.5±2.1	4.5±2.0	3.1±1.3	3.6±1.8e
Forest site(Right)		2.0±0.9	2.1±1.2	1.6±0.7	1.4±0.9	1.8±0.9e
Minimum		1.3±0.7	1.2±1.0	1.4±0.7	0.5±0.2	1.3±0.8
Maximum**		39.3±11.02	30.1±14.12	30.4±16.12	65.7±19.91	36.7±16.6
Trail average*		12.3±3.82	9.3±4.02	9.3±3.92	16.9±5.61	11.1±4.5
Bare trail average*		20.1±6.32	15.6±7.52	15.7±7.82	32.1±12.81	18.8±8.6

P < .05, ** P < .01 *** P < .001