Table 1. Comparison of LBL (Lecture-based learning) with PBL (Project-based learning).

	LBL (Lecture-based learning)	PBL (Project-based learning)
Director of learning activities	Lecturer	Students/Learner
Matter	Lecture	Implement project
Focus	Result-oriented	Process-centric
Objectives	Knowledge achievement	Problem-solving ability
Learning content	Planned curriculum determined by theory	Education settings determined by learner
Characteristics	Passive	Active
Learning unit	Class	Group
Role of lecturer	Teacher	Tutor/Assistant
Role of students	Class learner	Class leader
Interaction	One-sided	Cooperative
Expected effect	Understanding knowledge	Improving practical ability
Assessment method	Paper test	Performance evaluation