Table S2. Model performance in (a) calibration dataset (b) validation dataset. RMSE, Bias, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used as an evaluation index of performance. MUP: Mt. Ujang Park, GE: Gangbyeon Expressway, SNC: Seoul National Cemetery, SCGP: Seoul Children’s Grand Park, RMSE: Root Mean Square Error, r: Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
| (a) |
| Site | SM | MSM | GM | LM |
| RMSE | Bias | r | RMSE | Bias | r | RMSE | Bias | r | RMSE | Bias | r |
| Mokpo | 6.04 | -4.43 | 0.50 | 4.10 | -4.39×10-13 | 0.50 | 3.09 | -0.71 | 0.65 | 2.39 | 0.00 | 0.64 |
| Haenam | 4.23 | -2.14 | 0.64 | 3.64 | -1.46×10-13 | 0.64 | 2.98 | 0.00 | 0.57 | 2.48 | -0.43 | 0.65 |
| Ttangkkeut | 5.29 | -4.86 | 0.82 | 2.10 | 1.46×10-13 | 0.82 | 2.33 | -1.71 | 0.92 | 1.60 | -0.29 | 0.96 |
| Wando | 3.61 | -1.86 | 0.77 | 3.09 | 1.46×10-13 | 0.77 | 2.70 | 0.71 | 0.81 | 1.96 | 0.14 | 0.91 |
| Namhae | 7.82 | -7.14 | 0.67 | 3.18 | -1.46×10-13 | 0.67 | 4.05 | -2.14 | 0.69 | 2.14 | 0.57 | 0.83 |
| Jinju | 5.84 | -5.00 | 0.89 | 3.02 | 0 | 0.89 | 2.93 | -0.57 | 0.90 | 1.65 | 0.14 | 0.93 |
| Miryang | 6.96 | -5.57 | 0.72 | 4.17 | 4.32×10-13 | 0.72 | 4.09 | -0.71 | 0.70 | 2.83 | 0.00 | 0.82 |
| Cheongdo | 2.80 | -1.29 | 0.88 | 2.49 | -2.92×10-13 | 0.88 | 4.33 | 3.29 | 0.80 | 2.14 | -0.29 | 0.89 |
| Chungju | 6.45 | 5.33 | 0.64 | 3.64 | 3.32×10-13 | 0.64 | 5.18 | 3.50 | 0.66 | 2.55 | -1.17 | 0.74 |
| Jecheon | 5.85 | 5.50 | 0.95 | 1.98 | 0 | 0.95 | 4.08 | 3.33 | 0.92 | 1.68 | -0.50 | 0.97 |
| Yanggu | 5.97 | -1.67 | 0.75 | 5.73 | 3.32×10-13 | 0.75 | 6.24 | -2.67 | 0.76 | 4.08 | -0.33 | 0.91 |
| Chuncheon | 3.92 | 3.33 | 0.94 | 2.05 | 3.32×10-13 | 0.94 | 2.77 | 2.00 | 0.96 | 1.83 | 0.33 | 0.95 |
| Hongcheon | 6.99 | -6.17 | 0.74 | 3.29 | 3.32×10-13 | 0.74 | 7.35 | -6.67 | 0.78 | 2.74 | -0.50 | 0.90 |
| Hoengseong | 8.63 | 7.50 | 0.81 | 4.27 | 0 | 0.81 | 7.62 | 6.33 | 0.84 | 4.12 | 0.33 | 0.85 |
| Wonju | 4.43 | -1.33 | 0.82 | 4.23 | -3.32×10-13 | 0.82 | 4.95 | -2.50 | 0.86 | 3.39 | -1.17 | 0.63 |
| Mt. Gwanak | 12.47 | 11.14 | 0.72 | 5.59 | 1.46×10-13 | 0.72 | 10.27 | 8.57 | 0.78 | 5.81 | -1.14 | 0.81 |
| SNC | 8.05 | 6.57 | 0.80 | 4.66 | -4.36×10-13 | 0.80 | 6.32 | 4.29 | 0.84 | 4.04 | 0.00 | 0.90 |
| Mt. Nam | 2.93 | -1.43 | 0.95 | 2.56 | -4.39×10-13 | 0.95 | 3.89 | -2.86 | 0.95 | 1.81 | 0.43 | 0.98 |
| GE | 4.73 | 3.00 | 0.88 | 3.65 | 0 | 0.88 | 3.63 | 1.17 | 0.88 | 1.91 | 0.00 | 0.94 |
| MUP | 6.34 | 1.00 | 0.69 | 6.26 | 0 | 0.69 | 6.12 | -1.43 | 0.74 | 5.33 | -0.43 | 0.77 |
| Seooreung | 8.06 | -6.14 | 0.77 | 5.22 | -1.46×10-13 | 0.77 | 9.28 | -7.86 | 0.78 | 4.49 | 0.43 | 0.81 |
| Jeongneung | 2.75 | 1.86 | 0.95 | 2.03 | -1.46×10-13 | 0.95 | 2.24 | -0.43 | 0.96 | 1.69 | 0.00 | 0.97 |
| Mt. Bukak | 4.02 | -2.43 | 0.86 | 3.20 | -4.39×10-13 | 0.86 | 5.90 | -4.86 | 0.84 | 3.05 | -0.71 | 0.90 |
| Hongneung | 3.98 | -0.17 | 0.90 | 3.98 | 3.32×10-13 | 0.90 | 4.47 | -2.33 | 0.91 | 2.61 | -0.50 | 0.92 |
| SCGP | 6.02 | 3.14 | 0.78 | 5.14 | 1.46×10-13 | 0.78 | 5.52 | 1.57 | 0.79 | 3.78 | -0.86 | 0.81 |
| Taereung | 4.67 | 3.50 | 0.95 | 3.10 | 0 | 0.95 | 3.37 | 1.67 | 0.96 | 1.73 | 0.67 | 0.95 |
| (b) |
| Site | SM | MSM | GM | LM |
| RMSE | Bias | r | RMSE | Bias | r | RMSE | Bias | r | RMSE | Bias | r |
| Mokpo | 3.90 | 0.00 | 0.6667 | 5.90 | 4.43 | 0.67 | 5.73 | 2.80 | 0.58 | 6.15 | 3.00 | 0.63 |
| Haenam | 1.73 | -0.20 | 0.956 | 2.60 | 1.94 | 0.96 | 2.86 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 2.72 | 1.40 | 0.83 |
| Ttangkkeut | 5.46 | -3.00 | 0.3331 | 4.92 | 1.86 | 0.33 | 5.25 | -1.20 | 0.44 | 5.48 | 1.20 | 0.30 |
| Wando | 4.22 | -0.60 | 0.5366 | 4.36 | 1.26 | 0.54 | 4.20 | 1.20 | 0.66 | 3.95 | 1.20 | 0.68 |
| Namhae | 8.33 | -5.80 | -0.0025 | 6.13 | 1.34 | 0.00 | 6.26 | -2.00 | 0.00 | 5.48 | 0.80 | 0.12 |
| Jinju | 5.80 | -1.60 | 0.3764 | 6.53 | 3.40 | 0.38 | 5.98 | 3.40 | 0.46 | 6.23 | 3.60 | 0.48 |
| Miryang | 7.67 | -3.20 | -0.1894 | 7.36 | 2.37 | -0.19 | 6.59 | 0.60 | -0.03 | 6.66 | 1.60 | -0.10 |
| Cheongdo | 3.66 | 0.20 | 0.3517 | 3.95 | 1.49 | 0.35 | 5.74 | 4.20 | 0.22 | 2.65 | -0.60 | 0.71 |
| Chungju | 7.22 | 7.00 | 0.8756 | 2.44 | 1.67 | 0.88 | 5.55 | 5.20 | 0.86 | 4.56 | 1.20 | 0.86 |
| Jecheon | 5.48 | 5.20 | 0.9913 | 1.75 | -0.30 | 0.99 | 3.71 | 3.00 | 0.97 | 3.58 | -0.40 | 0.80 |
| Yanggu | 5.20 | -4.60 | 0.9486 | 3.80 | -2.93 | 0.95 | 5.69 | -5.20 | 0.96 | 4.27 | -2.20 | 0.83 |
| Chuncheon | 3.13 | 3.00 | 0.9868 | 0.95 | -0.33 | 0.99 | 2.72 | 2.20 | 0.96 | 2.14 | 0.60 | 0.93 |
| Hongcheon | 4.90 | -2.40 | 0.7222 | 5.69 | 3.77 | 0.72 | 6.03 | -3.60 | 0.62 | 6.63 | 2.00 | 0.39 |
| Hoengseong | 5.69 | 4.80 | 0.9091 | 4.08 | -2.70 | 0.91 | 4.63 | 3.40 | 0.90 | 4.38 | -3.60 | 0.94 |
| Wonju | 2.49 | 1.40 | 0.9288 | 3.42 | 2.73 | 0.93 | 1.95 | -0.20 | 0.92 | 4.02 | 1.00 | 0.90 |
| Mt. Gwanak | 13.29 | 12.60 | 0.8815 | 4.47 | 1.46 | 0.88 | 10.03 | 9.40 | 0.85 | 4.98 | -0.40 | 0.78 |
| SNC | 7.28 | 7.00 | 0.9584 | 2.05 | 0.43 | 0.96 | 5.57 | 5.00 | 0.93 | 3.16 | 2.00 | 0.95 |
| Mt. Nam | 3.63 | 1.60 | 0.8029 | 4.45 | 3.03 | 0.80 | 4.10 | -0.80 | 0.66 | 4.34 | 2.40 | 0.75 |
| GE | 4.60 | 4.40 | 0.9932 | 1.95 | 1.40 | 0.99 | 3.16 | 1.60 | 0.89 | 5.67 | 3.00 | 0.92 |
| MUP | 5.06 | 4.00 | 0.885 | 4.31 | 3.00 | 0.89 | 3.95 | 1.20 | 0.80 | 4.77 | 1.60 | 0.75 |
| Seooreung | 4.15 | -2.40 | 0.8399 | 5.04 | 3.74 | 0.84 | 7.16 | -5.20 | 0.65 | 5.60 | 1.80 | 0.58 |
| Jeongneung | 6.48 | 6.00 | 0.8982 | 4.81 | 4.14 | 0.90 | 5.16 | 3.40 | 0.78 | 5.35 | 4.60 | 0.87 |
| Mt. Bukak | 3.29 | -2.00 | 0.9273 | 2.64 | 0.43 | 0.93 | 6.71 | -5.00 | 0.73 | 3.44 | -0.60 | 0.85 |
| Hongneung | 6.42 | 4.00 | 0.7598 | 6.52 | 4.17 | 0.76 | 5.57 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 6.66 | 3.60 | 0.75 |
| SCGP | 7.39 | 6.60 | 0.9073 | 4.79 | 3.46 | 0.91 | 5.42 | 3.80 | 0.87 | 7.21 | 4.40 | 0.87 |
| Taereung | 9.57 | 8.00 | 0.7208 | 6.92 | 4.50 | 0.72 | 8.10 | 5.20 | 0.64 | 8.45 | 6.20 | 0.75 |