Table 4. Tree species and crops of agroforestry considering both the site condition and ecological geography of North Korea.

Zone Region Short-term target site Long-term target site
Tree species* Crop Tree species Crop
Northern highland Baekdu highland Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Picea koraiensis Nakai(종비나무)Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A.Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach(이깔나무)Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière(가문비나무)Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.(분비나무)Abies holophylla Maxim.(전나무) Solanum tuberosum L.(감자)Glycine max(L.) Merr.(콩) Xanthoceras sorbifolia (기름밤나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무) Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Vicia faba L.(보라콩)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)
Samsu-Gabsan Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Picea koraiensis Nakai(종비나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A.Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach(이깔나무)Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière(가문비나무)Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.(분비나무)Abies holophylla Maxim.(전나무) olanum tuberosum L.(감자) Xanthoceras sorbifolia (기름밤나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무) Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Vicia faba L.(보라콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)igna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Kimhyunggwon-Pungseo Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Picea koraiensis Nakai(종비나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A.Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach(이깔나무)Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière(가문비나무)Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.(분비나무)Abies holophylla Maxim.(전나무) olanum tuberosum L.(감자) Xanthoceras sorbifolia (기름밤나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무) Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Vicia faba L.(보라콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)igna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Inland mountainous Jagang Mountainous Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Picea koraiensis Nakai(종비나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A.Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach(이깔나무)Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière(가문비나무)Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.(분비나무)Abies holophylla Maxim.(전나무) olanum tuberosum L.(감자) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무) Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Vicia faba L.(보라콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Bukdaebong Mountainous Rutaceae daniellii (Benn.) T.G.Hartley(수유나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc.(밤나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge(찔광이나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Styrax obassis Siebold & Zucc.(쪽동백나무)Aronia melanocarpa(Michx) Elliot(단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리)Broussonetia x kazinoki M.Kim(닥나무) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Pyeonggang-Saepo plateau Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc.(밤나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge(찔광이나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A.Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach(이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L.(밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Styrax obassis Siebold & Zucc.(쪽동백나무)Lindera obtusiloba Blume(생강나무)Aronia melanocarpa(Michx) Elliot(단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리)Broussonetia x kazinoki M.Kim(닥나무) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
West coast Northern coast Juglans regia Dode(호두나무)Rutaceae daniellii (Benn.) T.G.Hartley(수유나무)Juglans cordiformis Maxim.(쪽가래나무)Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc.(밤나무)Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.(두충나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge(찔광이나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무)Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud.(오리나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.(고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L.(밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Styrax obassis Siebold & Zucc.(쪽동백나무)Lindera obtusiloba Blume(생강나무)Aronia melanocarpa(Michx) Elliot(단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무)Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis (Bunge) Rehder(대추나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리)Broussonetia x kazinoki M.Kim(닥나무) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Central coast Juglans regia Dode(호두나무)Rutaceae daniellii (Benn.) T.G.Hartley(수유나무)Juglans cordiformis Maxim.(쪽가래나무)Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc.(밤나무)Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.(두충나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge(찔광이나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud.(참오동나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무)Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud.(오리나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L.(밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Styrax obassis Siebold & Zucc.(쪽동백나무)Lindera obtusiloba Blume(생강나무)Aronia melanocarpa(Michx) Elliot(단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무)Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis (Bunge) Rehder(대추나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리)Broussonetia x kazinoki M.Kim(닥나무) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)
Southern coast Juglans regia Dode(호두나무)Rutaceae daniellii (Benn.) T.G.Hartley(수유나무)Juglans cordiformis Maxim.(쪽가래나무)Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc.(밤나무)Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.(두충나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge(찔광이나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud.(참오동나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무)Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud.(오리나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L.(밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Styrax obassis Siebold & Zucc.(쪽동백나무)Lindera obtusiloba Blume(생강나무)Aronia melanocarpa(Michx) Elliot(단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무)Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis (Bunge) Rehder(대추나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리)Broussonetia x kazinoki M.Kim(닥나무) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨)Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두)Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)
East coast Northeast Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Picea koraiensis Nakai(종비나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Larix gmelinii var. olgensis (A.Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach(이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무)Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière(가문비나무)Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.(분비나무)Abies holophylla Maxim.(전나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.(고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자) Xanthoceras sorbifolia (기름밤나무)Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot (단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. (산돌배나무) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨), Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두), Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Dancheon-Bukcheong Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L.(밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia (기름밤나무)Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot (단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. (산돌배나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨), Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두), Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
Hamheung-Geumya Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Ulmus pumila L.(비슬나무)Robinia pseudoacacia L.(아카시아나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.(고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L. (밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia (기름밤나무)Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot (단나무)Prunus armeniaca L. (살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. (산돌배나무)Amorpha fruticosa L. (왜싸리) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩)Sesamum indicum L.(참깨), Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두), Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
East coast Wonsan-Goseong Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.(잣나무)Juglans mandshurica Maxim.(가래나무)Populus maximowiczii A.Henry(황철나무)Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz.(물오리나무)Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière(창성이깔나무)Tilia amurensis Rupr.(피나무) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.(고구마)olanum tuberosum L.(감자)Oryza sativa L.(밭벼) Xanthoceras sorbifolia(기름밤나무)Aronia melanocarpa(Michx) Elliot(단나무)Prunus armeniaca L.(살구나무)Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.(산돌배나무)Amorpha fruticosa L.(왜싸리) Zea mays L.(강냉이)Panicum miliaceum L.(기장)Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek(녹두)Perilla frutescens var. japonica (Hassk.) H. Hara(들깨)Fagopyrum esculentum Moench(메밀)Triticum aestivum L.(밀)Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.(앉은당콩)Phaseolus vulgaris L.(줄당콩), Hordeum vulgare L.(보리)Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(수수)Pisum sativum L.(완두), Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.(조)Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H.Ohashi(팥)
tree species and crop names are presented in two names; scientific name (North Korean)