Table 2. Category values for environment-related descriptive variables.

Category Variables Explanation Class
Stand Variables Stand density Low 1
Medium 2
Dense 3
Stand volume m3/ha
Stand age class 10year interval
Stand type Coniferous forest, 1
Deciduous forest, 2
Mixed forest 3
Topographic Variables Elevation Elevation (m)
Aspect southwest (=0) to northeast (=2)
Slope Slope (°)
Landform Ridge 1
Upper slope 2
Lower slope 3
Valley 4
Solar Potential radiation index
TWI Topographic wetness index
Soil Variables Soil depth Shallow (<30 cm) 1
Medium (30–60 cm) 2
Deep (>60 cm) 3
Fertility Low 1
Medium 2
High 3
Texture Clay loam 1
Loam 2
Sandy loam 3
Climate Variables Precipitation Average Annual Precipitation (mm)
Average precipitation in January (mm)
Average precipitation in April (mm)
Average precipitation in August (mm)
Temperature Annual average temperature (°C)
January average temperature (°C)
April average temperature (°C)
August average temperature (°C)