Table 8. Running speed by longitudinal gradient.
(Unit：km/h)

Longitudinal gradient	Horizontal alignment	Slope
		Uphill					Downhill
		Avg.	Min.	Max.	S.D.		Avg.	Min.	Max.	S.D.
<5%	Straight	9.1	5.7	16.6	2.6	A	8.4	5.1	15.1	1.8	A
<5%	Curve	7.7	2.0	16.6	3.4	A	7.0	1.6	11.2	2.4	A
5∼10%	Straight	9.1	5.4	18.4	2.4	A	8.6	5.9	11.0	1.3	A
5∼10%	Curve	8.4	2.2	12.3	1.9	A	7.5	2.0	12.1	2.6	A
10%≤	Straight	8.7	6.7	13.3	1.6	A	7.9	5.6	11.8	1.7	A
10%≤	Curve	7.1	2.0	8.6	1.7	A	6.7	2.7	9.7	2.1	A

Same letter are not significantly different by Duncan’s multiple range test (p=0.05).