Table 1. Differentiated constancy table of forest vegetation.

Community group A
Community 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Group a b     a b      
Vegetation units VU1 VU2 VU3 VU4 VU5 VU6 VU7 VU8 VU9
Altitude(m) 1383.6 1516.3 1360.7 754.8 479.8 605.1 480.2 833.9 939.0
Slope degree(°) 20.0 16.7 16.5 11.0 18.3 20.3 16.2 20.3 18.9
Bare rock(%) 37.9 36.7 21.5 5.8 2.3 6.5 1.9 12.4 10.3
Coverage of tree layer(%) 60.0 55.0 78.8 73.3 75.4 72.5 79.8 78.3 73.2
Coverage of subtree layer(%) 37.0 15.0 25.0 25.0 22.2 27.1 26.2 35.0 33.2
Coverage of shrub layer(%) 46.9 46.0 51.3 24.0 35.9 39.0 36.0 36.8 42.1
Coverage of herb layer(%) 62.5 89.0 68.1 56.7 29.0 26.3 27.6 48.8 48.4
Height of tree layer(m) 7.9 8.0 5.8 16.3 13.7 13.2 14.4 13.6 11.0
Height of subtree layer(m) 5.6 7.0 5.2 8.2 6.6 6.3 6.8 6.7 6.3
Height of shrub layer(m) 2.4 1.6 1.9 2.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0
Height of herb layer(m) 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6
DBH of tree layer(cm) 23.3 24.0 12.6 25.3 21.3 22.4 21.1 25.9 20.2
DBH of subtree layer(cm) 13.3 22.0 9.0 11.0 7.9 8.5 8.3 9.2 9.6
DBH of shrub layer(cm) 4.8 3.0 2.7 3.8 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.8 2.9
Number of species 24.0 27.8 25.9 37.0 18.3 16.0 18.7 22.1 15.4
Releve 8 6 16 6 114 181 61 55 190
1. Character species and differential species of Quercus mongolica community group;
Quercus mongolica(신갈나무) V15 II12 IV15 I11 IV+5 Vr5 III+5 IV+5 V+5
Rhododendron schlippenbachii(철쭉) V13 V13 III14 I22 I+4 IIIr5 I+3 II+4 III+5
Carex humilis var. nana(가는잎그늘사초) III+3 IV12 IV+3 II+2 V+4 IV+5 III+4 II+3 III+5
Calamagrostis arundinacea(실새풀) III13 III+2 II24 I22 IR2 I+4 Ir2 II+2 II+5
2. Character species and differential species of Abies koreana community;
Abies koreana(구상나무) V+3 III14
Acer komarovii(시닥나무) II12 II++ I+2 Rr1
3. Differential species of Dryopteris expansa group;
Dryopteris expansa(퍼진고사리) III+2 R22 R+1
Euonymus macropterus(나래회나무) III++ R11
Adenophora remotiflora(모시대) II++ I+1 R++
Veratrum oxysepalum(박새) II++ I++ I+1 R++
Saussurea macrolepis(각시서덜취) II+1 R++ R11
4. Differential species of Picea jezoensis group;
Picea jezoensis(가문비나무) III23
Saussurea pulchella(각시취) II++ R++
5. Character species and differential species of Sanguisorba hakusanensis community;
Sanguisorba hakusanensis(산오이풀) V+2 IV+2
Arundinella hirta var. ciliata(새) IV35 III+5
Angelica tenuissima(고본) IV+1 III++
Bupleurum longeradiatum(개시호) I++ III+1 II+1 R++
Sedum polytrichoides(바위채송화) III++ II+1 R++
Potentilla dickinsii(돌양지꽃) II+1 II+1
Bistorta manshuriensis subsp. Japonica(범꼬리) III+1 I+1
Dendranthema oreastrum(바위구절초) II++ I+1
Allium thunbergii(산부추) II++ I11 Rrr
6. Character species and differential species of Persicaria hydropiper community;
Persicaria hydropiper(여뀌) V+3
Viola arcuata(콩제비꽃) V++ R++ R++
Humulus scandens(환삼덩굴) IV++ Rr+ R++
Erigeron annuus(개망초) III+1 Rr1
Clematis apiifolia(사위질빵) III++ R11 Rrr R+1 I++ R++
Asyneuma japonicum(영아자) I11 II++
Juglans regia(호두나무) I44
7. Character species and differential species of Quercus variabilis community;
Quercus variabilis(굴참나무) IVr5 IVr5
Pinus densiflora(소나무) I33 III+5 IIIr5
8. Differential species of Quercus dentata group and Characterspecies and differential species of Quercus dentata community;
Quercus dentata(떡갈나무) II11 IV+5 III+5
Castanea crenata(밤나무) I++ IIIr4 IV+5
Robinia pseudoacacia(아까시나무) Ir5 IIr5 R++ R+5
9. Character species and differential species of Cornus controversa community;
Cornus controversa(층층나무) II12 R11 Ir1 I12 III+5
Callicarpa japonica(작살나무) I+1 R+2 R+1 III+1
Polystichum tripteron(십자고사리) I++ R22 II+1
10. Differential species of Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum group;
Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum(털진달래) II12 V+3 III13 R11 R12
Lychnis cognata(동자꽃) II++ IV+1 III++ Ir1 R++
Weigela florida(붉은병꽃나무) II+1 III++ III+2 I+1 R+1
Ligularia fischeri(곰취) II++ III+1 I++ R11 I+2 R+1
Betula ermanii(사스래나무) II12 II23 I14
11. Differential species of Larix kaempferi group;
Larix kaempferi(일본잎갈나무) III55 I15 Rr5 I15 I15 R44
Oplismenus undulatifolius(주름조개풀) IV+1 IIr2 Ir2 III+4 II+4 IR3
Quercus acutissima(상수리나무) II+4 II+5 I+5 II15 R55 Rr5
Zanthoxylum schinifolium(산초나무) II++ IIIr3 Ir3 II+3 I+2 I+2
12. Companion species group;
Toxicodendron trichocarpum(개옻나무) II+2 II++ II+1 I11 R11 IIIr3 IIr1 IIIr3 IIIr3
Lespedeza bicolor(싸리) III+3 V+1 I+1 I11 I+1 II+3 II+1 IIr2 IIr3
Lespedeza maximowiczii(조록싸리) I33 I11 IV+3 I++ II+4 II+4 III+3 I+2 III+4
Dendranthema zawadskii var. latiloba(구절초) I++ III++ II+1 I++ I+2 Ir1 R++ R++ I+1
Aster scaber(참취) II++ IV+1 IV+1 IV+1 Ir1 Ir+ IIr1 I+1 Ir1
Athyrium niponicum(개고사리) IV+2 IV+1 III+2 IV+1 R++ R+1 R+1 I+2 I+3
Astilbe chinensis(노루오줌) II++ III+1 III+1 III+1 R++ Rr1 R++ I+1 Ir1
Philadelphus schrenkii(고광나무) I11 I++ I++ IV+2 R33 R11 R+1 I+2 R+2
Sambucus williamsii(딱총나무) II++ I++ I+1 I++ II12 I+1 I+1 Rr1
Athyrium yokoscense(뱀고사리) I++ I++ IV+1 I+4 Ir2 I+2 I+1 Ir1
Weigela subsessilis(병꽃나무) II+1 I++ I++ R+2 R+3 I+1 I+3 I+2
Asarum sieboldii(족도리풀) II++ II+1 I++ Ir1 Ir2 Ir1 IIr2 Ir1
Hosta capitata(일월비비추) II+1 III23 IV+3 Rr+ Rr+ R++ Ir1 Rr1
Artemisia stolonifera(넓은잎외잎쑥) I++ III+1 III+1 R+1 R+1 IR+ I+3 Ir2
Tripterygium regelii(미역줄나무) V+4 IV+2 IV+3 I+3 I+4 I+1 II+3 II+5
Ainsliaea acerifolia(단풍취) III+3 I11 I++ Rr+ I+2 R13 II+4 IIr4
Fraxinus sieboldiana(쇠물푸레나무) III+1 III13 I12 I+3 IVr5 I+1 II+2 II+4
Quercus serrata(졸참나무) II+1 II11 I11 R11 IIIr5 IIr3 III+5 II+4
Rhododendron mucronulatum(진달래) I11 I11 I22 III+4 III+4 II+4 I+2 IIr3
Fraxinus rhynchophylla(물푸레나무) I11 II14 III++ I+3 IIr4 II+3 IIIr5 IIIr5
Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum(둥굴레) I++ I+1 II++ II+2 IIr3 II+1 I+2 IIr2
Acer pseudosieboldianum(당단풍나무) IV13 I++ II+2 Rr1 II+4 I+3 III+3 IIr4
Carex siderosticta(대사초) IV+1 II+1 I11 Ir2 IIr3 I+3 II+3 IIr5
Rubus crataegifolius(산딸기) III+1 IV+4 III+1 Ir3 Ir1 I+2 Ir2 IIr2
Hemerocallis fulva(원추리) II+1 V13 III+4 Ir+ Ir+ Ir+ R++ Ir1
Synurus deltoides(수리취) I++ IV+1 III+1 R++ R++ I+1 R++
Artemisia keiskeana(맑은대쑥) I+1 I++ Ir1 I+2 I+1 Ir1 I+2
Carex ciliato-marginata(털대사초) I++ I22 R++ I+3 R11 I++ I+4
Commelina communis(닭의장풀) I++ III+3 I++ R+2 I++ I++ R+1
Celastrus orbiculatus(노박덩굴) I11 II++ Rr+ R+1 R++ I+1 R++
Actinidia arguta(다래) I11 II+2 R+1 R+2 Ir1 II+3 I+2
Aralia elata(두릅나무) I+2 I++ R+1 R12 R+1 I++ R+2
Smilax nipponica(선밀나물) I++ I++ Ir+ Ir1 Ir+ R++ Ir1
Disporum smilacinum(애기나리) II++ I++ IIr3 I+2 I+1 I+3 IIr1
Lysimachia clethroides(큰까치수염) II+2 I++ Rr1 Rr2 Rr+ I+1 Ir1
Solidago virgaurea subsp. asiatica(미역취) I++ I++ II+1 Rr+ R+1 I+1 R++
Veratrum maackii var. japonicum(여로) I++ I++ Rr1 Ir+ R++ Ir+ Ir1
Agrimonia pilosa(짚신나물) I++ II++ I++ R+1 R++ I+1 Ir2
Viola orientalis(노랑제비꽃) I++ I++ II++ I++ Rr1 Ir1 Ir2
Schisandra chinensis(오미자) I11 I++ III+4 R+1 R12 I+2 R+1
Sasa borealis(조릿대) IV14 II14 I15 R55 R+5 III+5 II+5
Magnolia sieboldii(함박꽃나무) II+1 I++ I11 R+1 R11 I+3 I+2
Acer pictum var. mono(고로쇠나무) II11 I+1 R11 R+2 R12 III+3 Ir3
Stephanandra incisa(국수나무) I11 I11 R11 R+2 I+2 I+2 I+2
Thalictrum tuberiferum(산꿩의다리) II++ I++ RrR R++ R++ Ir+ R++
Lindera obtusiloba(생강나무) I11 IV+3 IV+4 IVr4 IV+3 II+3 IIr3
Symplocos sawafutagi(노린재나무) IV+3 II+1 I+4 II+3 I+2 III+3 III+4
Pinus koraiensis(잣나무) II+2 II12 IIr5 Ir5 Ir5 Ir1 Ir5
Pimpinella brachycarpa(참나물) II+1 RrR Rr+ R++ I+1 Ir1
Convallaria keiskei(은방울꽃) II+2 Ir2 Ir4 I+2 I+1 R+2
Smilax sieboldii(청가시덩굴) I22 I+2 Ir1 I+1 I++ Ir1
Ligustrum obtusifolium(쥐똥나무) I++ I+2 I+3 I+2 R13 R+4
Rubus pungens(줄딸기) I++ R+5 R+1 I+1 I+1 R+3
Styrax japonicus(때죽나무) I22 R+4 R++ R11 R+1 R11
Dioscorea polystachya(마) I++ R+1 Rr1 I+1 I++ R+2
Aria alnifolia(팥배나무) I++ I+1 R+1 R11 R++ R+2
Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens(억새) I+1 I++ I+1 R+2 R++ R11
Viola collina(둥근털제비꽃) I++ I++ Rr+ R++ R++ R++
Pueraria lobata(칡) I++ Rr1 R+1 R++ I+3 R+2
Phryma leptostachya var. oblongifolia(파리풀) III+1 R++ R+1 I+2 I+2 R+2
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica(느릅나무) I11 R+2 R+1 R12 I+3 R+4
Vitis amurensis(왕머루) I11 R+1 R++ R++ R++ R++
Vicia unijuga(나비나물) I++ RrR Rr+ R++ I+1 Rr1
Hosta longipes(비비추) I++ R+1 Ir2 R++ I+1 Ir1
Viola rossii(고깔제비꽃) I++ Rr+ Ir1 I++ Ir+ R+1
Salix caprea(호랑버들) I++ I++ II+2 II++ R11 R+2
Lespedeza cyrtobotrya(참싸리) II23 I+2 I++ R++ R+2 R++
Vaccinium hirtum var. koreanum(산앵도나무) I11 II+1 I+1 RrR R+4 I+3
Saussurea grandifolia(서덜취) I++ I++ I++ R++ R++ R++
Pseudostellaria palibiniana(큰개별꽃) I++ I11 R+1 R++ I+1 Ir2
Aconitum jaluense(투구꽃) I++ I++ R++ R11 I+2 R++
Morus bombycis(산뽕나무) II+3 R11 R11 R11 IIr3 Rr3
Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. serrata(산수국) II+2 I11 R12 R33 I+4 I+2
Spodiopogon sibiricus(큰기름새) II+4 IV+4 IIIr3 III+3 I11 Ir3
Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum(고사리) IrR IIr2 IIr2 I+1 R++ Ir2
Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala(신나무) Rr+ RrR I+1 R+2 Rr+
Carpinus laxiflora(서어나무) R11 I+2 R23 I+4 R25
Ilex macropoda(대팻집나무) R+1 R12 R12 R12 R12
Carpinus cordata(까치박달) II11 I++ R+1 I12 Rr2
Staphylea bumalda(고추나무) III++ R11 R+1 R++ I13
Lindera erythrocarpa(비목나무) I+3 II+4 II+3 Ir3 R+2
Prunus serrulata var. pubescens(잔털벚나무) IIIr4 Ir2 II+3 I+2 Ir3
Atractylodes ovata(삽주) IIr+ IIr+ IIr1 Ir+ Ir1
Smilax china(청미래덩굴) IIr2 Ir2 II+2 I+1 R+1
Ampelopsis heterophylla(개머루) Ir1 Ir1 II+1 Ir1 Rr+
Corylus heterophylla(개암나무) Ir2 I+1 I+2 I+2 I+3
Quercus aliena(갈참나무) I+4 R15 II+5 I+5 R+4
Pyrola japonica(노루발) Ir+ Ir1 Ir1 R++ Ir+
Platycarya strobilacea(굴피나무) I+2 I+3 I+5 R14 R15
Dryopteris chinensis(가는잎족제비고사리) I+3 IR2 I+2 I+3 R+2
Parthenocissus tricuspidata(담쟁이덩굴) I+1 R+2 I+3 I+3 R+1
Cocculus trilobus(댕댕이덩굴) I+1 R++ II+1 RrR R++
Lonicera praeflorens(올괴불나무) R+1 R+1 II+2 I+1 R++
Diospyros lotus(고욤나무) Ir1 R+1 I11 Ir2 Rrr
Potentilla freyniana(세잎양지꽃) R++ Rr+ I++ R+1 R+1
Betula schmidtii(박달나무) I11 R11 R13 I15 R15
Carex egena(나래사초) R++ Rr+ R++ R++ R+3
Euonymus alatus f. ciliatodentatus(회잎나무) Rr2 R++ R+1 I++ R+1
Vaccinium oldhamii(정금나무) R11 R+3 R11 R11 R+4
Rubus phoenicolasius(곰딸기) R++ R11 R+1 R++ R++
Cephalanthera longibracteata(은대난초) Rr+ Rr1 Rr+ Rrr Rr+