Table 1. List and description of study sites of Quercus rubra plantations.

Region Gimje Chungju Samcheok Yangpyeong Hwaseong Pyeongchang
Abbreviation GJ CJ SC YP HS PC
Location N 35° 40' 55.49˝ E 127° 01' 37.14˝ N 36° 57' 50.92˝ E 128° 01' 10.98˝ N 37° 09' 41.36˝ E 129° 16' 07.96˝ N 37° 35' 23.72˝ E 127° 38' 05.43˝ N 37° 20' 18.82˝ E 126° 93' 69.12˝ N 37° 27' 01.97˝ E 128° 30' 25.05˝
Plantation area (ha) 4.0 4.0 1.0 4.0 0.78 2.0
Altitude (m) 200-265 207-301 200-227 440-487 115-129 1130-1170
Azimuth angle (°) 250-360 344-18 205-230 15-75 221-78 70-95
Slope (°) 30-37 18-30 26-30 28-45 20-35 25-30
Topography 4.88±3.12 4.50±3.42 4.33±3.51 5.50±2.52 3.00±1.00 7.00±1.00
Annual temperature (°C) 13.1±0.2 11.6±0.2 12.3±0.1 10.2±0.1 12.7±0.0 7.0±0.1
Average temperature from March to October (°C) 18.3±0.2 17.5±0.2 16.7±0.1 16.2±0.1 18.3±0.0 12.6±0.1
Average temperature from November to February (°C) 2.8±0.2 0.0±0.2 3.7±0.1 −1.5±0.1 1.4±0.0 −4.1±0.1
Daily maximum temperature (°C) 35.2±0.2 35.8±0.2 34.6±0.1 34.4±0.1 36.1±0.0 31.7±0.1
Daily minimum temperature (°C) −11.8±0.2 −16.3±0.2 −11.1±0.1 −18.3±0.1 −13.8±0.0 −21.3±0.1
Number of rainy days from March to October 78 75 80 72 69 77
Number of rainy days from November to February 34 33 25 28 34 31