Table 2. Soil physical and chemical properties in Quercus acutissima, Q. mongolica, Q. serrata, and Q. variabilis stands.

Horizon	Stand	Soil depth (cm)	Sand	Silt	Clay	Soil pH	Organic C (mg g−1)	Total N (mg g−1)	C/N ratio	Avail. P2O5 (mg kg−1)	Exchangeable (cmolc kg−1)	CEC (cmolc kg−1)
(%)	K+	Ca2+	Mg2+
A	Q. acutissima	7±0.5	57.3±1.9a*	31.9±1.5a	10.8±0.5d	4.71±0.04a	24.7±1.3b	2.5±0.1b	9.8±0.3b	24±5b	0.22±0.01a	1.63±0.19a	0.92±0.13a	11.3±0.36c
	Q. mongolica	17±0.7	49.6±1.3b	34.2±1.2a	16.2±0.7b	4.22±0.03b	43.4±2.0a	3.3±0.2a	14.2±0.6ab	66±6a	0.15±0.01b	0.91±0.12b	0.32±0.03bc	21.1±0.73a
	Q. serrata	20±0.9	50.5±1.3b	26.7±1.1b	22.8±0.8a	4.26±0.03b	31.1±1.7b	2.1±0.1b	16.0±1.3a	54±4a	0.11±0.01c	0.72±0.09b	0.28±0.04c	17.3±0.56b
	Q.	variabilis	18±1.1	50.5±1.5b	35.8±1.2a	13.7±0.5c	4.84±0.04a	26.4±1.3b	2.1±0.1b	12.9±0.6b	24±3b	0.18±0.01ab	1.13±0.22ab	0.52±0.05b	13.5±0.43bc
B	Q. acutissima	45±1.7	57.9±1.9a	30.5±1.7b	11.6±0.8c	4.85±0.04a	11.4±1.1c	1.6±0.2ab	8.5±0.6b	17±2b	0.15±0.01ab	0.95±0.15a	0.77±0.15a	9.9±0.45c
Q. mongolica	43±1.3	51.4±1.2b	33.1±1.0b	15.5±0.6b	4.45±0.03b	22.8±1.2a	2.4±0.3a	13.9±0.7a	35±4a	0.13±0.01b	0.51±0.10a	0.21±0.02b	15.8±0.54a
Q. serrata	41±1.5	50.4±1.3b	26.8±1.0b	22.8±0.7a	4.36±0.03b	17.0±1.2b	1.3±0.1b	14.1±1.7a	31±3ab	0.09±0.01c	0.52±0.09a	0.23±0.31b	13.6±0.38b
Q.	variabilis	48±1.7	48.7±1.4b	37.4±1.2a	13.9±0.5bc	4.89±0.05a	19.8±1.0ab	2.1±0.3ab	13.4±0.8a	20±2b	0.18±0.01a	0.52±0.05a	0.94±0.52a	12.7±0.55b

Mean±standard error. Different letters among stands at each soil horizon represent a significant difference at P<0.05.