Table 4. Average value and standard deviation of major environmental factors in each group.

Group	Canopy gap (%)	Organic Matter (%)	Exc. Ca (cmol/kg)	Exc. Mg (cmol/kg)	Available P (mg/kg)	CEC (cmolc/kg)
I	18.3±2.9	7.9±0.8	1.9±0.7	0.9±0.5	7.0±3.8	31.1±3.8
II	10.0±0.0	10.0±2.8	4.9±7.0	0.9±0.9	6.9±2.6	36.8±6.9
Grand mean	14.2±4.9	9.0±2.2	3.4±4.7	0.9±0.6	6.9±2.9	33.9±5.9