Table 1. List of organic materials (EFAM, eco-friendly organic materials) and a chemical insecticide to test the insecticidal efficacy on Ramulus mikado.

Products Plant extracts (%) Active ingredient (%) Recommended concentration (Dillution) No of R. mikado in each cage (3 replicates)
EFAM A Neem (60) Azadirachtina 1,500× 16 / 16 / 20
EFAM B Oak smoke flavoring (40) + Chinese scholar tree, goosefoot and subtripinnata (50) Matrinea, Eugenola, Geraniola 1,000× 18 / 18 / 18
EFAM C Citronella oil (30) + Deris (20) + Cinnamon (10) Geraniol (1.3), Cinnamaldehyde (2), Rotenone (0.2) 2,000× 18 / 18 / 18
EFAM D Gosam extract (90) Matrine (0.45) 1,000× 18 / 18 / 18
EFAM E Custard apple oil (50) + Cinnamon (10) Oleic acid (4.794), Cinnamaldehyde (2.198) 1,000× 18 / 18 / 18
EFAM F Deris (30) + Cinnamon (5) + Lemongrass oil (5) + Jicama (2) + Pyrethrum (2) Rotenone (1.4), Cinnamaldehyde (3.3), Citral (2.5), Ethyl alcohol (40), Pyrethrins (0.7) 1,000Χ 18 / 18 / 18
Insecticide - Fenitrothion Emulsifiable concentrate (50) 1,000Χ 18 / 18 / 18
Controlb - - 18 / 18 / 18
Percent of active ingredient is not provided
Distilled water was used