Table 5. Confusion matrix of PCD deep learning models according to platform and down-sampling intensity.

Model & Platform Ground truth
Down-sampling intensity S1 S2 S3 S4
Pinus koraiensis Larix kaem pferi Total PA Pinus koraiensis Larix kaempferi Total PA Pinus koraiensis Larix kaempferi Total PA Pinus koraiensis Larix kaempferi Total PA
Pointnet TLS Pinus koraiensis 54 3 57 94.7% 53 6 59 89.8% 53 6 59 89.8% 54 2 56 96.4%
Larix kaempferi 1 20 21 95.2% 2 17 19 89.5% 2 17 19 89.5% 1 21 22 95.5%
Total 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78
UA 98.2% 87.0% 96.4% 73.9% 96.4% 73.9% 98.2% 91.3%
MLS Pinus koraiensis 53 8 61 86.9% 52 7 59 88.1% 50 8 58 86.2% 55 2 57 96.5%
Larix kaempferi 2 15 17 88.2% 3 16 19 84.2% 5 15 20 75.0% 0 21 21 100.0%
Total 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78
UA 96.4% 65.2% 94.5% 69.6% 90.9% 65.2% 100.0% 91.3%
Pointnet++ TLS Pinus koraiensis 54 2 56 96.4% 51 1 52 98.1% 53 2 55 96.4% 52 3 55 94.5%
Larix kaempferi 1 21 22 95.5% 4 22 26 84.6% 2 21 23 91.3% 3 20 23 87.0%
Total 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78
UA 98.2% 91.3% 92.7% 95.7% 96.4% 91.3% 94.5% 87.0%
MLS Pinus koraiensis 54 2 56 96.4% 55 1 56 98.2% 52 3 55 94.5% 54 4 58 93.1%
Larix kaempferi 1 21 22 95.5% 0 22 22 100.0% 3 20 23 87.0% 1 19 20 95.0%
Total 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78 55 23 78
UA 98.2% 91.3% 100.0% 95.7% 94.5% 87.0% 98.2% 82.6%