Table 1. Site characteristics of four Larix kaempferi plantations.

Study site Chuncheon (CC) Gimcheon (GC) Gapyeong (GP) Wonju (WJ)
Location (N, E) 37°58′23.81″, 35°50’43.16″, 37°43’37.78″, 37°23’37.21″,
127°50’25.31″ 128°03’05.39″ 127°33’27.28″ 127°48’06.71″
Elevation (m a.s.l.) 420-438 712-872 128 200
Slope (°) 21-25 25-28 27 31
Aspect (°) N, SE S, NW NW NE
Mean annual temperature (°C) 10.0 11.0 11.7 12.5
Mean annual precipitation (mm yr−1) 1101 1310 1357 1228
Management records
Planting year 2010 2009 2010 2010
Planting density (trees ha−1) 3,000
Seedling type 1-1 bare root seedling
Year of forest tending work 2017 2016 none 2017
Stand density (trees ha−1) in 2021 1,359±175 1,873±104 2,770±246 1,028±207
Stand properties before harvesting
Species Larix kaempferi Pinus rigida
Age class VIII VIII V VI
Mean DBH (cm) 18 21 16 10
Mean height (m) 28 32 17 16
The data from Mountain Meteorology Observation System (location no.2036 for CC, no.7913 for CG).
mean±standard deviation.