Table 5. Confusion matrix and classification accuracy applied in machine learning models. Values of the confusion matrix are ratios relative to the total number of pixels. (OA: Overall accuracy, Kappa : Cohen’s Kappa).

Model MLC Wildfire severity classes Reference Data
Crown Fire(%) Heat Damage(%) Surface Fire(%)
Prediction Crown Fire 15.0 3.7 2.0
Heat Damage 4.9 10.0 9.6
Surface Fire 1.5 4.8 48.4
OA(%): 73.4 Kappa: 0.54
RF Wildfire severity classes Reference Data
Crown Fire(%) Heat Damage(%) Surface Fire(%)
Prediction Crown Fire 16.2 4.9 8.0
Heat Damage 3.5 9.5 12.6
Surface Fire 1.8 4.0 39.5
OA(%): 71.9 Kappa: 0.50
SVM(Linear) Wildfire severity classes Reference Data
Crown Fire(%) Heat Damage(%) Surface Fire(%)
Prediction Crown Fire 15.0 3.2 1.0
Heat Damage 4.4 9.8 16.8
Surface Fire 2.1 5.5 42.2
OA(%): 65.3 Kappa: 0.43
SVM(RBF) Wildfire severity classes Reference Data
Crown Fire(%) Heat Damage(%) Surface Fire(%)
Prediction Crown Fire 17.7 6.8 4.2
Heat Damage 2.1 4.2 5.8
Surface Fire 1.7 7.5 50.0
OA(%): 67.0 Kappa: 0.45