| Genetic Influences | Genetically inherited factors (e.g., genetic disorders such as schizophrenia) |
| Instrumental Learning Experiences | Learning experiences through personal behavior observation (learning from feedback provided by others on one’s actions) |
| Associative Learning Experiences | Observational learning experiences from the environment or others’ behaviors (e.g., advertisements, role models, imitation of others) |
| Environmental Conditions and Events | Environmental conditions and incidents (e.g., parental education methods, language exposure, socioeconomic status) |
| Parents and Caretakers | Interactions with parents or guardians |
| Peer Groups | Peer relationships involving cooperation or competition |
| Structured Educational Settings | Learning experiences within formal education systems and cultural influences |
| The Imperfect World | Unequal distribution of societal conditions (e.g., social inequality, accidents, crime) |