| Safeguard Elements | Related Policies in North Korea |
|---|---|
| ① Actions aligned with national forest programs and international agreements | Establishment of the National Forest Strategy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy Accession to international agreements and submission of reports: UN SDG VNR(2021), Ratification of the Paris Agreement(2016) UN Convention on Biological Diversity(1994), UN Convention to Combat Desertification(2003) Accession to the Ramsar Convention, etc. Continuous announcement of national plans for greenhouse gas reduction(2012, 2016, 2021), ensuring alignment with international commitments |
| ② Transparent and effective national forest governance | Existence of forest-related administrative bodies under the Ministry of Land and Environmental Protection, including the General Bureau of Forestry and local forest agencies at provincial, city, and county levels A top-down command system established from the central to local levels |
| ③ Full and effective participation of various stakeholders (community participation) | Experience in agroforestry through the ‘Mountain User Group’ Experience in agroforestry |
| ④ Respect for the knowledge and rights of local communities | |
| ⑤ Natural forest and biodiversity conservation | Protected areas for biodiversity cover 4.6%(as of 2015) Legal framework established, including the Natural Reserve Law (2009) and amendments to environmental protection regulations Plan for regular biodiversity surveys, monitoring, and evaluation in all forest ecosystem protected areas by 2025 |
| ⑥ Measures to prevent the reversal of implementation outcomes for sustainability | None |
| ⑦ Prevention of emissions displacement | None |