Table 6. Detailed criteria and North Korea’s capacity for REDD+ participation.

Criteria North Korea’s Capacity Evaluation
National Strategy / Action Plan Development National Forest Strategy

National Forest Construction Master Plan(2015-2044) (1.4 million ha afforestation plan)

Forest Restoration Campaign(2015-2024) (1.4 million ha afforestation plan)

National Environmental Protection Strategy(2018-2030)

National Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy (2019-2030): Disaster management system established (National Emergency Disaster Committee, Central Forest Fire Management Command)

Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan (2021, based on SDGs VNR): Target of 15.63% reduction (36 million tons) by 2030; 50.35% reduction (157 million tons) with international support

National REDD+ Strategy

No established national REDD+ strategy and objectives

×
National Forest Monitoring System Definition of Forests

Unclear: Definition focused on forest attributes (e.g., trees, grass, moss covering a large area and forming a distinct geographical cluster)

Mention of alignment with international legal standards (SDGs VNR, 2021)

Forest Change Monitoring

Institutional and regulatory framework for forest resource surveys established

Forest Law (2021) and other legal frameworks revised

Forest Reference Emission Level / Forest Reference Level (FREL/FRL) Historical Forest Change Data

Reported for 2015, 2018, and 2020 (SDGs)

Greenhouse Gas Types

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Emission Factors

No country-specific emission factors

Carbon Pools

Tree biomass (aboveground and underground)

Safeguard Information Actions aligned with national forest programs and international agreements

Establishment of the National Forest Strategy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy

Accession to international agreements and submission of reports:

UN SDG VNR(2021), Ratification of the Paris Agreement(2016)

UN Convention on Biological Diversity(1994), UN Convention to Combat Desertification (2003)

Accession to the Ramsar Convention, etc.

Continuous announcement of national plans for greenhouse gas reduction(2012, 2016, 2021), ensuring alignment with international commitments

Transparent and effective national forest governance structure

Existence of forest-related administrative bodies under the Ministry of Land and Environmental Protection, including the General Bureau of Forestry and local forest agencies at provincial, city, and county levels

A top-down command system established from the central to local levels

Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities (community participation)

Experience in agroforestry

Full and effective participation of various stakeholders

Experience in the ‘Mountain User Group’ activities within agroforestry

Consistent actions for natural forest and biodiversity conservation

Protected areas for biodiversity cover 4.6% (as of 2015)

Legal framework established, including the Natural Reserve Law (2009) and amendments to environmental protection regulations

Plan for regular biodiversity surveys, monitoring, and evaluation in all forest ecosystem protected areas by 2025

Measures to prevent the reversal of implementation outcomes for sustainability None ×
Prevention of emissions displacement None ×