| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Analytical unit | 1 ha (standard stand; larch Larix kaempferi, 2nd grade) |
| Management period | 50 years (based on medium-rotation timber stand). |
| Price standard | Recent-year real prices (fixed prices) are used for conversion; timber unit prices are based on the national average log prices reported in the 2025 second-quarter (June) log market price survey in Korea |
| Discount rate | Base rate of 2 percent (reflecting the practice of public project appraisal and long-term environmental valuation); sensitivity tests conducted at 1–3 percent. |
| Baseline | Includes all forest management operations—site cleaning, planting, weeding, vine removal, juvenile tending, pre-commercial thinning, commercial thinning, forest roads, surveying/estimation, and felling/extraction—in both Option A and Option B, reflecting that national forest management simultaneously performs timber and public functions |
| Onset of public benefits | Assumed to begin 20 years after afforestation ( Public benefits increase gradually to the national average level by year 30, and remain constant thereafter. This reflects the representative pattern of forest ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration reaching a plateau after ≈ 30 years. ※ Public benefits are modeled to increase linearly from year 0 to year 30, achieving the full value (public_value_per_ha) by year 30 and then remaining constant each year thereafter. |