Table 7. The chemical properties by soil horizon and groups.
| Soil horizon | Soil groups | pH (1:5) | SOM (%) | TN (%) | CEC | K+ | Na+ | Ca2+ | Mg2+ |
| (cmolc/kg) |
| A | Brown | 4.66 ± 0.47 | 4.65 ± 2.96 | 0.20 ± 0.13 | 17.3 ± 8.8 | 0.19 ± 0.14 | 0.09 ± 0.08 | 1.57 ± 2.52 | 0.60 ± 0.95 |
| Red⋅Yellow | 4.28 ± 0.36 | 4.27 ± 2.12 | 0.15 ± 0.09 | 11.8 ± 2.9 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.68 ± 0.43 | 0.23 ± 0.13 |
| Dark Red | 5.36 ± 0.94 | 5.87 ± 3.73 | 0.28 ± 0.14 | 17.0 ± 9.8 | 0.19 ± 0.11 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 4.12 ± 6.02 | 1.02 ± 1.18 |
| Gray Brown | 4.73 ± 0.26 | 4.19 ± 2.66 | 0.17 ± 0.10 | 16.7 ± 6.5 | 0.20 ± 0.16 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 2.08 ± 2.70 | 1.12 ± 1.01 |
| Volcanic ash | 5.66 ± 0.70 | 13.35 ± 3.83 | 0.67 ± 0.23 | 40.8 ± 21.1 | 0.29 ± 0.17 | 0.23 ± 0.13 | 1.25 ± 1.01 | 0.88 ± 0.66 |
| Mean | 4.74 ± 0.60 | 5.21 ± 3.66 | 0.23 ± 0.18 | 17.6 ± 9.7 | 0.19 ± 0.14 | 0.09 ± 0.08 | 1.86 ± 3.18 | 0.69 ± 0.99 |
| B | Brown | 4.89 ± 0.44 | 2.11 ± 1.95 | 0.09 ± 0.12 | 14.4 ± 6.9 | 0.14 ± 0.09 | 0.10 ± 0.10 | 1.06 ± 1.83 | 0.51 ± 0.84 |
| Red⋅Yellow | 4.63 ± 0.37 | 1.32 ± 0.72 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 9.6 ± 1.9 | 0.20 ± 0.07 | 0.12 ± 0.04 | 0.52 ± 0.35 | 0.45 ± 0.33 |
| Dark Red | 5.53 ± 0.89 | 3.72 ± 3.29 | 0.18 ± 0.13 | 15.4 ± 9.2 | 0.15 ± 0.08 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 3.27 ± 5.35 | 0.74 ± 0.97 |
| Gray Brown | 4.96 ± 0.47 | 2.08 ± 1.35 | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 12.0 ± 5.4 | 0.15 ± 0.11 | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 1.26 ± 1.73 | 0.95 ± 0.85 |
| Volcanic ash | 5.70 ± 0.68 | 11.82 ± 4.70 | 0.57 ± 0.28 | 37.3 ± 20.7 | 0.15 ± 0.07 | 0.22 ± 0.12 | 0.47 ± 0.47 | 0.37 ± 0.30 |
| Mean | 4.96 ± 0.55 | 2.71 ± 3.20 | 0.12 ± 0.17 | 14.5 ± 8.0 | 0.14 ± 0.09 | 0.10 ± 0.09 | 1.26 ± 2.42 | 0.57 ± 0.86 |